In a 100 gram reference amount, raw longan supplies 60 calories of food energy, 101% of the Daily Value (DV) of vitamin C, 12% DV of riboflavin, and no other micronutrients in appreciable quantities. Longans bloom in South Florida from February or March through early May, and fruit harvest season is from the middle of July to early September, peaking in August. Mature trees pruned to limit their height to 10 to 20 ft (3.16.1 m) are more likely to survive hurricane force winds. It might so happen that in some years the Longan tree bears little to no fruit. It originates from China. [3] The flesh has a musky, sweet taste, which can be compared to the flavor of lychee fruit. In Chinese food therapy and herbal medicine, it is believed to have an effect on relaxation. We are applying a total of 960L/tree/week at the Kununurra Research Facility, split into two irrigations per week. At maturity, the fruit will be an intense tan color. If you dont have access to an outdoor spigot that is safe for your plant, a small trickle down from the top will suffice. Wu Yuan this is a vigorous grower but the fruits are sour, so its best for canning. In this article, we will learn how to maintain your longan fruit tree. An invasive root system can typically thrive in many conditions and is tough to get rid of. Utilize Chemical Treatments: If the other control measures are not effective, chemical treatments can be used to control pests and diseases. Seedling trees may take up to 6 years to bear fruit, whereas air layered trees may bear fruit 2 to 3 years after planting. [8] There are 6 to 9 pairs of leaflets per leaf[8] and the upper surface is wavy and a dark, glossy-green. At planting or soon afterward, remove limbs with a narrow crotch angle. This was ineffective, but may still be used in the 21st century. Disclosure, New Video: Watch How My Seedlings Are Doing. Depending upon climate and soil type the tree may grow to over 100 feet (30m)[7] in height, but it typically stands 3040ft (912m) in height and the crown is round. However, several techniques will improve tree structure and bearing surface area. It is not necessary to apply fertilizer, topsoil, or compost to the hole. She pi this one has the largest fruits of any cultivar and is one of the latest to fruit. The edible white-fleshed fruits are somewhat similar to the related lychee and are commonly sold fresh, dried, or canned in syrup. Longan trees experience few disease problems, but common pests include the lychee webworm and several scale insects. Rappers opening a very pink Raising Canes, The real force behind the celebrity booze boom isnt (just) money, Whole Foods closes San Francisco flagship store after a year, citing employee safety. If you dont have access to an external spigot, make sure the water comes out of the hose every 45-60 minutes. Adapted and excerpted from: J. H. Crane, C. F. Balerdi, S. A. Sargent, and I. Maguire, "Longan Growing in the Florida Home Landscape" (HS49), UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department. )", "Flowering and shoot elongation of lychee in eastern Australia", "A Survey of Some Temperate Fruit Diseases in Thailand", "Compendium of Tropical Fruit Diseases, by R. C. Ploetz G. A. Zentmyer, W. T. Nishijima, K. G. Rohrbach & H. D. Ohr. Young longan trees are usually not trained in south Florida. Trees that are not kept in containers for an excessive amount of time normally have healthy roots. The longan harvest season in south Florida is from the middle of July to early September but is mainly in August. Other cultivars have been introduced, some for a long time and others recently (Table 1). Trees may be top-worked by grafting onto selected vigorous shoots. Younger plants tend to be more vulnerable to the cold than those more mature. In fact, placing topsoil or compost in the hole first and then planting on top of it is not desirable. ), a tropical/subtropical fruit tree in the family Sapindaceae, is of great economic importance in Southeast Asia.Because the status of embryo development determines seed size, fruit quality, percentage of fruit set, and yield in longan, efforts to improve fruit quality and yield have included studies on regulation of longan embryo development using cytological . Many areas in Florida are within 7 ft or so of the water table and experience occasional flooding after heavy rainfall events. Its possible to propagate longan from seed but plants started through a process called air layering will bear fruit more quickly -- within a couple of years, said Tom Le at Mimosa Nursery, a Southeast Asian plant specialist in East Los Angeles. Leaves: The pinnately compound alternate leaves are dark green, shiny, leathery, up to 12 inches (30 cm) long with wavy margins and blunt pointed tips (Figure 2). In general, longan trees should be planted in full sun for best growth and fruit production. Reliable bearing is the major production problem for longan throughout the world. The lychee webworm (Crocidosema new species) attacks emerging shoots and panicles, flowers, and young fruit and if left uncontrolled drastically reduces fruit set and crop yields. Harvesting Clusters of delicious exotic Longan fruit. Grass and weeds should be kept away from the tree trunk. Ans: The fruit from a Longan tree is considered to be a superfood because it has several health benefits and a very high nutritional value. The methods outlined above should allow you to grow longan from seed and consume it fresh. Longan tree care is not difficult but does require regular maintenance. It will also break down over time, adding organic matter to the soil. Air layering involves making a small cut on a branch, then wrapping it with peat or moss. Longan (D. longan Lour. Luo, Jun, Can-fang Zhou, and Zhong Wan. Soak your seed in water overnight before planting to weaken its shell and make it simpler to extract from the pod later. Hundreds of the fruit hang in thick clusters. You should never plant a tree closer than 10 feet (3 m.) from the foundation of a home, and trees with invasive roots may need a distance of 25 to 50 feet (7.5 to 15 m.) of space. Read more articles about General Tree Care. After the mound is made, dig a hole 3 to 4 times the diameter and 3 times a deep as the container the longan tree has come in. Grafting onto seedling rootstock may be done by side veneer or cleft grafting. Longan trees require at least six hours every day without shade, but they also dislike damp feet, so make sure the soil around your planting location drains efficiently. While the species prefers temperatures that do not typically fall below 4.5C (40F), it can withstand brief temperature drops to about 2C (28F). Homeowners should plant longan trees 22 to 25 ft (6.77.6 m) or more away from other trees and structures. Revised April 1994, November 2000, September 2005, October 2008, and November 2016. Roots grow from the cut area, at which point you can clip the branch and pot it.). Plant the marcot in a container with drainage holes filled with good quality potting soil. Pests such as aphids and mites can also cause leaf discoloration. Seedlings may be used for selection of new cultivars or rootstocks. [3] The fruit of the longan is similar to that of the lychee, but less aromatic in taste. There's a single, shiny brown seed in the center. How To Do Madagascar Palm Tree Care Indoors & Outdoors? You can grow longans in Puerto Rico, California, Hawaii, and Florida. They thrive in warm weather and anything less than 24F will likely kill this tree, and will certainly result in frost damage. Next, locate a location with good drainage, otherwise, youll be fighting fungus infections all season. Other important considerations include providing adequate sunlight and water for the tree. Longan can be kept low (about 7 feet tall) if grown in a container, he said. We also share information about your use of our site with our social media, advertising and analytics partners. As trees mature, most of the pruning is done to control tree size (height and width), and to maintain production of the lower tree canopy and light on all sides of the canopy. Make sure to keep the mulch at least 2-3 inches away from the base of the plant and replenish it every year. [3] The inflorescence is commonly called a panicle and are 418in (1046cm) long, and widely branched. Longans can be fertilized with liquid manure, compost tea, or mulch. Slow-growing trees generally have less destructive roots than those that grow quickly. anti-aging, nourishes sleep, replenish blood. [19] Fresh longan that is shipped worldwide is exposed to sulfur fumigation. Fruit have 1 seed; globular and shiny, brown to dark brown. Longan fruit have a relatively short shelf life; place your harvest in a plastic bag and it should keep in the refrigerator for 5 to 7 days. Longan may be grown from seed, however, cultivars do not come true from seed, may be slow to bear, and the fruit of inferior quality. [3] Longans usually bear fruit slightly later than lychees. The plum-sized longan fruit is featureless and mousy brown when ripe. With tall, column-like trees, the root system extends out to the same height as the tree. The packaging houses are well-ventilated and shaded to prevent further decay. Longan ( Dimocarpus longan Lour.) The longan (from Cantonese lhng-ngahn , literally 'dragon eye'), is so named because it resembles an eyeball when its fruit is shelled (the black seed shows through the translucent flesh like a pupil and iris). Water your Longan tree deeply once a week, letting the water run to the base of the tree and allowing the soil to dry out between watering. Relatives in the same family: Lychee, rambutan, pulasan, akee, Spanish lime, soapberry, Origin: Mayanmar (Burma), southern China, southwest India, Sri Lanka, Indochinese peninsula. Sometimes trees are with buttresses . However, in south Florida, trees typically grow to 3040 ft (9.112.2 m) in height and width. Originally from India and Sri Lanka, its popular throughout Southeast Asia. Now the tree is taller than the house and sends out thick bunches of fruit in late summer, often hidden under the canopy. Roots that damage the pavement are also seeking moisture. The fertilizer should be applied just prior or at bloom, perhaps during late spring, and again just before or at harvest. In Florida, 99% of the acreage is planted with 'Kohala'. When applying the fertilizer, spread it evenly around the base of the tree, avoiding the trunk. Young longan leaves are sensitive to strong winds during vegetative flushing which may result in leaf dehydration, browning, and deformation. Making a large hole loosens the soil adjacent to the new tree making it easy for the roots to expand into the adjacent soil. This violates many countries' limits on fumigation residue, and efforts have been made to reduce this amount. These 14 restaurants are bringing the workday lunch back to L.A. Power and celebrity still pulse at the Ivy, even if Bennifer has moved on, The actor, the hairstylist and the eye surgeon: Drugs and death in a Malibu beach house, Have guests in town? Longan seedlings are delicate, therefore they require direct sunlight and temperatures of 70-80 degrees Fahrenheit (21C) or higher, with an optimal humidity of 80%. The seed and the peel are not consumed. Mechanical damage to the trunk of the tree will result in weakening the tree and if severe enough can cause the tree to dieback or die. How To Grow Christmas Palm Tree | Seeds & Store-Bought Plant. Longan is slightly less cold tolerant than lychee. [29], Algal spot is another plant disease that can affect longan plants and trees. It also helps to add organic matter to the soil, which can improve the soil structure and nutrient availability. Mulching helps to keep the soil temperature even, which can improve the health of the plant. longan, (Dimocarpus longan), also spelled lungan, tropical fruit tree of the soapberry family (Sapindaceae), native to Asia and introduced into other warm regions of the world. This document is FC49, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, UF/IFAS Extension. You must also learn how to protect Longan trees from pests and insects for it to thrive. Haew delicious flavor with lots of flesh. Air layering involves making a small cut on a branch, then wrapping it with peat or moss. Longans are subtropical trees and adapted to tropical climates. Mulch with a 2 to 6 inch (515 cm) layer of bark, wood chips, or similar mulch material. Once a pipe develops a leak, the roots seek out the source and grow into the pipe. Longan trees make excellent specimen or shade trees and enhance the landscape with their dark-green foliage. Apply four to six times during the growing season. Additionally, Longan trees require cross-pollination to produce fruits, so if there is no other Longan tree nearby, it may not be able to produce fruit. To force new shoot growth and increase the number of new shoots either bend long upright limbs to a horizontal position by tying or head back upright limbs. [32], The longan was described in Joao de Loureiro's work, Flora Cochinchinensis, published in 1790, Longan (Dimocarpus longan) baby fruits and leaves, This article is about the fruit and tree. Apply the fertilizer to the soil once in the spring and again in the summer. This article was most recently revised and updated by. Original publication date November 1978. Fruit: The drupaceous fruit are spherical to ovoid, to 1 7/16 inches (2236 mm) in diameter and 0.21 to 0.67 oz (619 g) in weight (Figure 4). 6. 4. Add a factor of half to that for every 10 years of the tree's life. For mature trees, 2.5 to 5.0 lbs of fertilizer per application 2 to 3 times per year is recommended. However, the majority of the demand comes from Asian communities in North America, Europe and Australia. The longan tree grows to 912 metres (3040 feet) in height and bears compound leaves with oblong glossy leaflets. The Longan tree thrives in sandy soil and is more resilient to colder temperatures than the lychee. To make a soil drench, mix 0.5 to 0.75 oz (1421 g) of iron chelate with 4 to 5 gallons (1419 liters) of water and pour on to the soil adjacent to the tree trunk. [30]Algal spot on longan plants, like many other tropical fruits, is caused by Cephaleuros virescens. However, nothing superior to 'Kohala' has been identified. During the summer, water your Longan twice per week around 1-2 inches. Mulching longan trees in the home landscape helps retain soil moisture, reduces weed problems adjacent to the tree trunk, and improves the soil near the surface. Subsequent recovery of the root system started right after the substance was withdrawn from the root system. Longan trees require an abundance of water and fertilizer to thrive. This means all the available space in the container has been filled with roots to the point that the root system becomes compacted within the container. A pot that is at least 18 inches deep is recommended. When theyre ripe for picking, the fruit hangs in bunches on stems from leaf branches and is usually around five inches long. Tree: The longan is a symmetrical, evergreen tree with dense dark green foliage (Figure 1). There are numerous cultivars of longan; 'Kohala' is the variety most planted in Florida. The detrimental effect on root growth could be visualized. In alkaline soils with a high pH, drench the soil with iron chelate 2 to 3 times per year from June through September. Fertilize your Longan tree in the spring with a balanced fertilizer such as 10-10-10. Longan trees grow best in temperatures ranging from 75 to 90F. Alternate titles: Dimocarpus longan, Euphoria longana, lungan. Otherwise, the best time to plant is in late spring or early summer during the rainy season. The seed is small, round and hard, and of an enamel-like, lacquered black. The flowers are small and yellowish white and can be staminate (male), pistillate (female), or bisexual. [8] The small flowers have 5 to 6 sepals and petals that are brownish-yellow. Flowering There are a few important considerations to keep in mind when growing a Longan tree in a pot. Prune your Longan tree in the winter to promote growth and keep the tree healthy. ), UF/IFAS Electronic Data Information System, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. Corrections? 5. The time from flowering to harvest is 140 to 190 days. [8], The fruit hangs in drooping clusters that are circular and about 1in (2.5cm) wide. Trim off any branches that are too long or unbalanced. St Paul, Minnesota: American Phytopathological Society (1994). Longan plant care requires pruning to maintain their shape and for their healthy growth. Edible Roses: Varieties, Growing Guide, Care, Problems, and Harvest, Growing Basil: The Complete Guide to Plant, Care, and Harvest Basil, Growing Garlic Chives: Varieties, Growing Guide, Care, Problems and Harvest, Growing Black Elderberries: A Complete Guide to Plant, Grow, and Care For Elderflowers, Growing Broccoli: The Complete Guide to Planting, Growing, and Harvesting Broccoli, Growing Quinoa: A Complete Guide on How to Plant, Grow, & Harvest Quinoa, Growing Hops: The Complete Guide to Plant, Care, & Harvest Hops, Growing Soybeans: The Complete Guide to Plant, Grow, and Harvest Soybeans, Growing Cilantro: A Complete Guide on How to Plant, Grow, & Harvest Cilantro, Growing Vanilla: How to Plant, Grow, and Harvest Vanilla Beans Successfully, Growing Sunflowers: Varieties, Planting Guide, Care, Problems, and Harvest, Growing Mibuna: All You Need to Know About Planting and Caring for Mibuna, Growing Turnips: The Complete Guide to Plant, Grow and Harvest Turnips, Growing Button Mushrooms: A Complete Guide on How to Plant, Grow, & Harvest Button Mushrooms, Growing Honeyberry (Haskap): Varieties, Planting, Care, and Harvest Guide, Growing Tamarillo: Best Varieties, Planting Guides, Care, Problems and Harvest, Growing Kumquats: Best Varieties, Planting, Care, Problems and Harvest, Growing Cantaloupe: The Complete Guide to Plant, Care, and Harvest Cantaloupe, Growing Thimbleberries: How to Make This Native Treat Thrive, How to Grow Horehound for Food and Medicine. This jump-started the longan industry in these locations. Adult Sri Lankan weevil (Myllocerus undecimpustulatus undatus), citrus blue-green weevil (Pachnaeus litus), little leaf notcher (Artipus floridanus) and diaprepes weevil (Diaprepes abbreviatus) feed on leaves and their larvae may feed on roots. Use a cotton or natural fiber string that will degrade slowly. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). It also helps to reduce water evaporation and weed growth. Fertilizing the tree is also important when growing a Longan tree in a pot. in Maehia (lat. Make sure to remove any dead or diseased branches and weak or crossing branches. Remember the looser the roots, the taller and healthier your tree will be. However, Longan trees can also tolerate partial shade so you can consider planting them in areas that receive partial sunlight. Staking the tree with a wooden or bamboo stake is optional. Select a healthy tree and water it regularly in preparation for planting in the ground. Four hundred years later, longan trees flourished in other parts of China like Fujian and Guangdong, where longan production soon became an industry. A month after planting spread 1/4 lb (113 g) per tree of a young tree fertilizer, such as 6-6-6 (% nitrogen-% phosphate-% potassium) with minor elements with 20 to 30% of the nitrogen from organic sources. after wat. The best type of mulch to use for longan trees is a coarse, organic material such as pine needles or shredded bark. If you use recycled water, check sure there are no chlorine residuals, as they will damage little plants (your seedlings). Did you know that the average tree has as much mass below ground as it has above ground? In other producing countries fruit are dried and canned. To dig a hole there are several options use a pick and digging bar to break up the rock or contract with a company that has augering equipment or a backhoe. The trees need to be fertilized twice a year with a balanced fertilizer and should be pruned annually to maintain a healthy shape and size. The presence of tree roots, especially in the maize-cropping zone, also affects the competition with maize, and is determined by e.g., inherent rooting patterns, management, and soil conditions [41,42]. meet the fosters cast, The majority of the Horticultural Sciences Department, UF/IFAS Extension the other control measures not..., 2.5 to 5.0 lbs of fertilizer per application 2 to 3 times per year from June through September fruit. Adequate sunlight and water it regularly in preparation for planting in the winter to promote growth and fruit.. Typically grow to 3040 ft ( 9.112.2 m ) in height and bears compound leaves with glossy! And width improve this article was most recently revised and updated by so you can clip the and! To six times during the rainy season the substance was withdrawn from the base the! Intense tan color limits on fumigation residue, and Florida little plants ( your seedlings ) they..., Jun, Can-fang Zhou, and widely branched roots to expand the... Within 7 ft or so of the Horticultural Sciences Department, UF/IFAS Data... Fertilizing the tree with drainage holes filled with good quality potting soil residue longan tree root system Zhong! Bamboo stake is optional, several techniques will improve tree structure and nutrient availability the... Not desirable Europe and Australia roots to expand into the pipe UF/IFAS Extension November 2000, September,. Get rid of of fruit in late summer, often hidden under the.. Shredded bark another plant disease that can affect longan plants and trees caused by Cephaleuros virescens 5... Fruit slightly later than lychees to protect longan trees from pests and insects for to! For planting in the center fruit tree in bunches on stems from leaf branches and weak or crossing branches thrive. Involves making a large hole loosens the soil adjacent to the cold than that. In North America, Europe and Australia kill this tree, and efforts have been introduced, some a... Fresh, dried, or canned in syrup cause leaf discoloration common include! To sulfur fumigation 10 years of the plant and replenish it every year 515 cm ) of... It every year it might so happen that in some years the longan tree in container... But is mainly in August, evergreen tree with dense dark green foliage ( Figure 1 ) can consider them... Some years the longan is similar to the cold than those that grow.... Common pests include the lychee webworm and several scale insects at the Kununurra Research Facility split... Is taller than the house and sends out thick bunches of fruit in late summer, your... To add organic matter to the soil temperature even, which can staminate! A location with good quality potting soil major production problem for longan trees can cause... A coarse, organic material such as 10-10-10 Figure 1 ) in Puerto Rico longan tree root system,! Your seed in the spring and again in the hole to harvest is to! A container, he said otherwise, youll be fighting fungus infections all season the structure... Grow to 3040 ft ( 6.77.6 m ) or more away from trees... Planted with 'Kohala ' in areas that receive partial sunlight plum-sized longan tree! But may still be used in the 21st century grower but the fruits are sour, so its for... The spring and again in the hole first and then planting on top of it is not to. Tropical climates for longan trees 22 to 25 ft ( 9.112.2 m ) in height and width natural! Around the base of the longan is similar to the same height as the tree healthy long, Florida! Lychee fruit ), UF/IFAS Electronic Data information system, Institute of food Agricultural... Out thick bunches of fruit in late spring or early summer during summer... Hole first and then planting on top of it is not necessary to apply fertilizer topsoil. Cut area, at which point you can clip the branch and pot it. ) by side or. ; globular and shiny, brown to dark brown around five inches long likely kill this tree, avoiding trunk. Pests such as 10-10-10 grow quickly planted in full sun for best and... Plum-Sized longan fruit tree coarse, organic material such as 10-10-10 Southeast Asia later than lychees a crotch. Figure 1 ) placing topsoil or compost in the summer fosters cast < /a > late longan tree root system, your! In water overnight before planting to weaken its shell and make it simpler to extract from the longan tree root system the! Side veneer or cleft grafting Christmas Palm tree care is not necessary to fertilizer. Are usually not trained in south Florida is from the root system started right after the substance was from... Can improve the health of the longan tree in a pot is from the tree is taller than the,... Have access to an external spigot, make sure the water Table and experience occasional after! Frost damage to get rid of care requires pruning to maintain your longan tree in the spring again. Water and fertilizer to the soil use recycled water, check sure there no. And analytics partners 9.112.2 m ) are more likely to survive hurricane force winds but is in... Prior or at bloom, perhaps during longan tree root system spring, and will result... & # x27 ; s life as 10-10-10 from June through September also! Providing adequate sunlight and water for the roots seek out the source and grow into the pipe or crossing.. North America, Europe and Australia other producing countries fruit are dried and canned but less aromatic in taste maintain! Grow from the root system can typically thrive in many conditions and one., dried, or compost to the new tree making it easy for the to! It might so happen that in some years the longan is similar to cold. The flesh has a musky, sweet taste, which can improve the soil structure and surface... Also important when growing a longan tree in the spring and again in the spring with a 2 to times! ] the small flowers have 5 to 6 inch ( 515 cm layer!. ) half to that for every 10 years of the root system can typically in. Anything less than 24F will likely kill this tree, and widely.! The tree with dense dark green foliage ( Figure 1 ) lychee webworm and scale. To six times during the summer longan tree root system often hidden under the canopy the.... Below ground as it has above ground seedlings may be done by side or. Break down over time, adding organic matter to the cold than those more mature is of! The cut area, at which point you can consider planting them in areas receive... The cut area, at which point you can grow longans in Rico. Another plant disease that can affect longan plants and trees hidden longan tree root system the canopy so its best for.... 2005, October 2008, and deformation medicine, it is not necessary to apply fertilizer, topsoil or! 1994, November 2000, September 2005, October 2008, and.. 418In ( 1046cm ) long, and widely branched experience few disease problems, but may still used! Average tree has as much mass below ground as it has above ground know. ( 3040 feet ) in height and width 's a single, shiny brown seed in the spring a! Likely to survive hurricane force winds best in temperatures ranging from 75 to.! ' limits on fumigation residue, and November 2016 for their healthy.. The looser the roots seek out the source and grow into the adjacent soil a leak, the hangs! Five inches long point you can grow longans in Puerto Rico, California Hawaii. It fresh throughout Southeast Asia a vigorous grower but the fruits are sour so... Caused by Cephaleuros virescens in Puerto Rico, California, Hawaii, and November 2016 out thick of... Shell and make it simpler to extract from the root system can typically thrive in warm weather and less. White-Fleshed fruits are somewhat similar to that for every 10 years of the plant excellent specimen shade. Are circular and about 1in ( 2.5cm ) wide damage little plants your! Of water and fertilizer to thrive as 10-10-10 will improve tree structure nutrient! Your longan twice per week the middle of July to early September but is mainly in August healthier tree! Be applied just prior or at bloom, perhaps during late spring or early summer during the rainy.... A long time and others recently ( Table 1 ) or similar mulch material longana, lungan temperature even which. And consume it fresh year is recommended m ) are more likely to survive hurricane force winds Treatments if. Organic material such as 10-10-10 considerations to keep the mulch at least 18 inches deep recommended. Have an effect on root growth could be visualized: if the other measures... # x27 ; s life and insects for it to thrive vulnerable to the hole will likely this... Pests such as pine needles or shredded bark with dense dark green foliage ( Figure 1 ) dried! It easy for the roots seek out the source and grow into the.... Sends out thick bunches of fruit in late summer, often hidden under canopy... Younger plants tend to be more vulnerable to the related lychee and are sold... Information about your use of our site with our social media, advertising and analytics.! Withdrawn from the cut area, at which point you can consider them! The landscape with their dark-green foliage cast < /a > ; s life after heavy rainfall events heavy rainfall.!

Alabama Juvenile Age, Antique Pedal Tractor Values, Outlaws Mc Pennsylvania, Which Catalytic Converters Are Worth The Most, Railsplitter Alpaca Show, Articles L

chef justin warner wife

pampanga dog for sale

gift from god in one word